Transfer of Agriculture Technology and Krishi Vighyan Kendra in India
Technology transfer in agriculture should focus on key interventions at different stages of the crop from sowing of the seed, crop protection and harvesting, post-harvest management to marketing. In this context, the Government of India through Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR) has established a large network of over 637 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) across the country with an aim to conduct technology assessment and refinement, knowledge dissemination and provide critical input support for the farmers with a multidisciplinary approach. Krishi Vighyan Kendras (KVKs) have been established in each district of the country and now these are the backbone of technology dissemination in our country with the mandate to function as knowledge and resource centers of agricultural technology at the district level which could increase the technology adoption rate.
These KVKs should work as technology umbrella in the district and should work in an integrated way with state departments of Agriculture, Horticulture and other departments in the district for effective delivery of the technology and inputs in an effective way. Fast technology dissemination will certainly reduce the knowledge deficit with the farmers and will help in accelerating the stagnant growth of agriculture, realizing higher potential of our land and hard work of our farmers.
Many studies have found that KVKs are playing a proactive role in transferring of new technology at field level with beneficial impacts. They have an edge in technology transfer over other service providers by virtue of their having better technical expertise and demonstration units. About 40 percent farmers reported that they implemented the technology immediately after its dissemination by KVK and that 25 percent did so from the next agricultural season.
With the intervention by KVKs, about 80 percent of the farmers have modified their agricultural patterns which were related to diversification of crops and changes in cropping pattern, seed planting technique, use of fertilizers and pesticides, changes in machinery used and in water use pattern. More than 50 percent of the farmers have mechanized their farm operations; however, ownership of farm machinery and technology adoption increased with the size of holdings and education level of the farmers.