Methods & Effective Microorganisms|Organic Fertilizer

 

ECO-FRINDLY MEASURE OF PEST AND FUNGI CONTROL AND PREPARATION OF EM COMPOST THROUGH EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM (EM TECHNOLOGY)

 Uttaranchal (P.G.) College Of Bio-Medical Sciences & Hospital Top Agriculture  College In Dehradun,India. In India Uttarakhand is surrounded by large area of horticultural and field crop but these crops are highly infected and damaged by different disease and insect pests by which the farmers face the big problem due to economic losses. Hence, EM compost is the best pesticide as well as insecticide to control diseases and insect pest with maximum production as well as coast benefit ratio without harming environment. EM technology is developed by Dr. T. Higa, a Japanese Professor of Horticulture, at the University of the Rynkyns, Okinawa in, the early 1980’s. Hence every one of us must have the knowledge about it, and must adopt this technology in our surrounding.

Now what is EM? EM stands for effective micro-organism. It is a liquid containing beneficial microbes like lactobacilli, yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, Bhodopse-ndomoncn paluslris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It does not contain any genetically modified organism, it is safe and easy to handle and harmless to human health even if accidently ingested and also an eco-friendly. The importance of microbes in agriculture is well understood as it is the microbial population and its interactive capacities that help in maintaining the plant growth, health and production. EM consists of mixed culture of beneficial and naturally occurring micro-organisms that can be applied as inoculants to increase the microbial diversity of soil and plants. It has been proven that the inoculation of EM culture to the soil and plant ecosystem can improve soil quality, soil health and the growth, yield and quality of crops. These microorganisms are neither imported nor exotic, genetically engineered or modified. Over 100 countries are using this technology successfully today.

There Are Different Method Application of EM (Bio-Fertilizer) Such As:-

1. Seed inoculation

2. Seedling dipping

3. Soil treatment

4. Mixing with bokashi or compost

Benefits of using EM (Bio-fertilizers)

1. It increases crop yield by 20%-30%.

2. It fulfills 25% of total nitrogen requirement.

3. It is eco-friendly and does not have any bad effect.

4. It activates the soil biologically and increase soil fertility.

5. It is more economical than chemical fertilizer, less bulky and easy to apply.

Other necessary inputs to be made with the help of EM technology:-

1. Activated EM (AEM)

2. Effective microorganism fungicides and pesticides

3. EM-5

4. EM compost

UCBMSH Top Agriculture  College In India, EM is a great tool for a stepwise conversion from chemical farming to organic farming. EM technology is an eco-friendly approach which aims at minimum use of chemical fertilizer by employing all available alternate pest control method and techniques. Therefore, there is a need of improvement of this method and to give the knowledge to the farmers for to increase their production and economic level.

Punnam Chetri
Department Of Agriculture
Uttaranchal (P.G.) College Of Bio-Medical Sciences & Hospital